Hydraulic motor.



No. 880,298. PATENTED FEB. 25, 1908.

0. F. GRANT & J. G. MCDOWELL.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED 001'. 9.1905.

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HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLIOA TION FILED 0019,1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR F. GRANT AND JOHN G. MCDOWELL, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 25, 1908.

Application filed October 9. 1905. Serial No. 281.898.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OSCAR F. GRANT and JOHN G. MoDowELL, both ofPittsburg,

Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Hydraulic Motors, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accom anyingdrawings, forming part of this speci 'cation, in Which Figure 1 is anirregular horizontal section on the line II of Fig. 2; and Fig. 2 is atransverse section on the line II-II of Fig. 1.

The object of our invention is to provide a hydraulic motor of simple,compact and inexpensive construction, which can be operated e'liicientlyby connection with any suitable water service or supply pipe, and whichmay be conveniently used for operating various small machines, such aswashing machines, ice cream freezers, etc.

In carrying out our invention, we provide a cylinder having areciprocating piston therein, together with inlet and outlet valvesarranged to be operated by the piston and provided with means wherebythe full throw of each valve when shifted is insured.

Our invention also consists in the novel construction, arrangement andcombination of the parts, all substantially as hereinafter described andpointed out in the appending claims.

In the drawings, the numeral 2 designates an open ended cylinder.

3, 3 designate heads which close the ends of the cylinders, and whichcontain chambers 3 These heads have formed there under the integral baseportions 3 upon which the motor is supported and the two heads arerigidly connected by the rods 4 whose ends are secured in the projectinglugs 3 of the cylinder heads.

5 is the water inlet port communicating with the water inlet passage 6,and provided with a suitable coupling 7 for connection with the hose orother water supply pipe. The ends of the inlet passage 6 communicatewith the respective ends of the cylinder through the heads 3. The inletport 5 is controlled by a valve 8 secured to a longitudinally extendingvalve rod 8, whose end portions extend into the chambers of the heads 3.Said rod is provided with guides 9, which maintain it centrally withinthe passage 6.

10 is the outlet or escape, which opens outwardly from thelongitudinally extending outlet passage 11, which also communicates withthe cylinder at each end, through the outlet ports 12 and 13respectively. These ports 12 and 13 are respectively controlled by thevalves 14, on opposite end portions of the valve rod 15 which extendsthrough the passage 11 and has the centralizing guides 16.

Pivotally mounted Within each of the heads 3 are two levers 17, 17*.Each lever 17 has one arm extending into position to be engaged by theends of the valve rod 8, while its other arm projects slightly withinthe end portion of the cylinder 2 in a posi tion to be engaged by thepiston 19. Each of the levers 17" has one of its arms extended intoposition to be engaged by a valve 14 and its other arm extended withinthe end portion of the cylinder in the same manner as the correspondingarms of the lever 17.

20 designates springs, one of which is secured to each lever 17 ,17 withits free portion extending a short distance within the end portion ofthe cylinder, so that it will. be engaged by the piston 19 a short timebefore the latter reaches the end of its stroke and before it contactswith the inwardly extending arms of the said levers. These springs areconveniently formed of spring wire so arranged that the free arms of thetwo springs at each end of the cylinder will cross each other in themanner shown in Fig. 1.

. The inlet passage 6 and the outlet passage 11 are conveniently formedby pieces of pipe, whose ends are secured in the heads 3 by, beingfitted in seats or openings formed to receive the same. These pipes arelocated at the bases of the cylinder, at opposite sides thereof, andassist in forming the base or support for the motor.

21 designates the piston rod working through the stuffing box 22, and towhich the machine to be driven by the motor may be connected in anysuitable manner.

The operation of the motor is as follows Supposing the piston 19 to bemoving in the direction of the arrow, water enters the cylinder from theport 5 through the left-hand end portion of the passage 6, the escapefrom the opposite side of the piston being by way of the port 12 and theright-hand end portion of the outlet passage 11, as indicated by thearrows. As the piston approaches the end of its stroke, it firstcontacts with the free arms of the spring 20 and compresses the springsuntil the piston makes contact with the inwardly extending arms of thelevers 17, 17. When the last mentioned contact takes place, said leversare moved to actuate the valve rods 8 and 15,. so that the valve 8 isshifted to the opposite side of the port 5, the port 12 is closedby oneof the valves 1.4, and the'other valve 14 is moved to open the port 13,thus providing for the admission of water to the right-hand end of thecylinder and escape from the left-hand end. Owing to the degree ofcompression given the springs 20 before the levers 17, 17 a are operatedby the piston there is imparted to the valve rods a quick operatingmovement, of such character as to make certain that the valves 5 and 14will be positively and fully shifted. Without these springs, owing tothe pressure of water against the valves to resist their shiftingmovement, the valves would remain in central relation to their respective ports, which would, of course, prevent the operation of themotor. This is entirely prevented by the springs 20, as their impulse issufiicient to throw the valves past their centers.

The construction and arrangement de scribed is a very simple and compactone, and inasmuch as the cylinder and the inlet and outlet passages maybe formed from pieces of ordinary pipe secured between the reads 3, themotor may be constructed very chea ly.

hile we prefer the arrangement of springs 20 herein shown and described,it is obvious that other forms of springs may be used, and that otherchanges may be made in the details of construction and arrangementwithout departing from our invention.

What we claim is 1. A hydraulic motor having a cylinder, a pistonarranged to reciprocate therein, an admission valve having two admissionpositions, an outlet valve at each end portion of the cylinder, leversarranged to operate said valves, and operated by the piston at the endsof its stroke, and springs intermediate of the piston and said leversand arranged to be compressed by the piston prior to the operation ofsaid levers, the said outlet valves being connected so as to be operatedsimultaneously but in reverse directions; substantially as described.

2. In a hydraulic motor, a cylinder having an inlet port leading to eachend thereof, a piston arranged to reciprocate in the cylinder, anadmission valve arranged to control said ports and having a valve rodextending from both directions, levers engaging the said rods and lyingpartially within the cylinder for contact with the piston, springsintermediate of the leversand piston, said cylinder also having twooutlet ports, connected valves for controlling said ports, and lever andspring mechanism actuated by the piston at each end portion of thestroke for sis multaneously actuating said outlet valves; substantiallyas described.

3. In a hydraulic motor, the combination with a cylinder, a pistontherein and an inlet port and valve, of outlet ports at the rerpectiveend portions of the cylinder, valves for the said ports, a rodconnecting the valves, levers engaging the said valves and lying partially within the cylinder, and springs carried by the said levers andarranged to be engaged by the piston; substantially as described.

4. In a hydraulic motor, the combination with a cylinder, and a pistonarranged to reciprocate therein, of an inlet passage at one side of thesaid cylinder and communicating with both end portions thereof, anoutlet passage at the opposite side of said cylinder, and alsocommunicating with both end portions thereof, valves for controlling thesaid inlet and outlet passages, the outlet valves being connected onewith the other levers arranged to operate said valves, and springsarranged to act upon said levers and lying within the end portions ofthe cylinder; substantially as described.

5. In a hydraulic motor, the combination valves, said levers havingportions extending within the cylinder, and springs attached to saidlevers and arranged to be compressed by the piston before the latterengages said levers the outlet valves being connected to besimultaneously operated at both ends of the piston stroke; substantiallyas described.

6, In a hydraulic motor, the combination with a cylinder, of a pistontherein, and an inlet port and valve, of outlet ports at the respectiveend portions of the cylinder, valves for the said ports, a rodconnecting the said valves, levers engaging the said valves, and lyingpartially within the cylinder, and springs arranged to be compressed bythe piston at the end portions of the stroke and to act upon said leverswhen compressed substantially as described.

7. In a reciprocating motor, a cylinder having chambered heads providedwith inlet ports, a single valve controlling said ports, levers pivotedin the said heads and arranged to actuate said valve, and springs on thelevers arranged to be actuated directly by the piston of the motor;substantially as de' scribed.

8. In a water motor, a cylinder having a piston and inclosing heads,said heads having chambers opening into the cylinder, in let and outlettubes connecting the said chambers and lying outside of and parallelwith the cylinder, an outlet valve for each end of the outlet-tube andarranged to seat against the ends of the same, said valves beingconnected by a rod or stem extending through the said tube, an inletvalve seated Within the other tube and having a seating position at eachside of an inlet connection, said valve having stems extending inoppositedireotions into the chambers of the heads, valve operatinglevers Within each of the said chambers in position to be engaged by thepiston and arranged to engage the outlet valves and the stems of theinlet valve, and springs for said levers arranged to impart the finalmovement thereto; substantially as described.

9. In a reciprocating motor, a cylinder, a piston, chambered headsclosing the ends of the cylinder, inlet and outlet tubes connecting thesaid heads at the base of the cylinder and upon opposite sides thereof,rigidly con nected outlet valves arranged to alternately open and closethe ends of the outlet tube, an inlet valve in the inlet tube and havingseating positions at each side of an inlet opening thereof, levers inthe chambers of the heads for actuating the three valves and arranged tobe engaged by the piston, and springs intermediate the piston andlevers;

substantially as described.

10. A hydraulic motor having a cylinder, a piston arranged toreciprocate therein, an

admission valve having tWo admission positions, an outlet valve for eachend portion of the cylinder, levers arranged to operate said valves, andoperated by the piston at the ends of its stroke, and springsintermediate of the piston and said levers and arranged to be compressedby the piston prior to the operation of said levers, the said outletvalves being connected so as to be operated simultaneously but inreverse directions.

11. In a Water motor, the combination, with a cylihderpa piston Workingin said cylinder, caps at the ends of said casing, in-

letand outlet chambers for said cylinder eX-.

tending substantially the full length thereof, valve rods slidablymounted in said chambers and extending beyond both ends of said chambersinto said caps, valve seats for said chambers, valve members carried bysaid rods, and means located Within said caps for operating said rods,said operating means being controlled by the movement of the piston.

In testimony whereof, We have hereunto set our hands.

OSCAR F. GRANT, JOHN G. MoDOVVELL.

Witnesses:

GEO. B. BLEMING, GEO. H. PARMELEE.

